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安裝Postgresql和PgAdmin過程記錄

Postgresql安裝教學

安裝的指令如下

sudo yum install -y https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-$(rpm -E %rhel)-x86_64/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm
sudo yum -qy module disable postgresql
sudo yum install -y postgresql13-server postgresql13
sudo /usr/pgsql-13/bin/postgresql-13-setup initdb
sudo systemctl enable postgresql-13
sudo systemctl start postgresql-13
sudo -i -u postgres
psql

接著建立資料庫

CREATE USER myuser WITH PASSWORD 'mypassword';
CREATE DATABASE mydb;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE mydb TO myuser;

退出命令行

\q
exit

安裝PgAdmin

以下為安裝的指令建議

$ sudo mkdir /var/lib/pgadmin
$ sudo mkdir /var/log/pgadmin
$ sudo chown $USER /var/lib/pgadmin
$ sudo chown $USER /var/log/pgadmin
$ python3 -m venv pgadmin4
$ source pgadmin4/bin/activate
(pgadmin4) $ pip install pgadmin4
...
(pgadmin4) $ pgadmin4
NOTE: Configuring authentication for SERVER mode.

Enter the email address and password to use for the initial pgAdmin user account:

Email address: user@domain.com
Password: 
Retype password:
Starting pgAdmin 4. Please navigate to http://127.0.0.1:5050 in your browser.
 * Serving Flask app "pgadmin" (lazy loading)
 * Environment: production
   WARNING: Do not use the development server in a production environment.
   Use a production WSGI server instead.
 * Debug mode: off

強烈建議使用 Python 虛擬環境，不然因為牽涉到的library眾多，很容易會有函式庫之間的彼此衝突

安裝及啟動pgAdmin的方法

以下為安裝方式

$ sudo mkdir /var/lib/pgadmin
$ sudo mkdir /var/log/pgadmin
$ sudo chown $USER /var/lib/pgadmin
$ sudo chown $USER /var/log/pgadmin
$ python3 -m venv pgadmin4
$ source pgadmin4/bin/activate
(pgadmin4) $ pip install pgadmin4
...
(pgadmin4) $ pgadmin4
NOTE: Configuring authentication for SERVER mode.

Enter the email address and password to use for the initial pgAdmin user account:

Email address: user@domain.com
Password: 
Retype password:
Starting pgAdmin 4. Please navigate to http://127.0.0.1:5050 in your browser.
 * Serving Flask app "pgadmin" (lazy loading)
 * Environment: production
   WARNING: Do not use the development server in a production environment.
   Use a production WSGI server instead.
 * Debug mode: off

啟動則只需要

$ source pgadmin4/bin/activate
(pgadmin4) $ pgadmin4

問題1 : 無法啟動pgAdmin

錯誤訊息

No module named '_sqlite3'

解決方法

首先先安裝所需要的套件

sudo apt update
sudo apt install libsqlite3-dev

接著要找到PYTHON的位置並且重新編譯

把下面的/path/to/python/source換成你的PYTHON的根目錄

cd /path/to/python/source
sudo ./configure --enable-optimizations
sudo make
sudo make altinstall

然後就可以正常啟動囉!

問題2：只能從127.0.0.1連線

使用下面指令找到套件位置

pip show pgadmin4 | grep Location

修改config

找到下面這行並將127.0.0.1改成0.0.0.0

DEFAULT_SERVER = '0.0.0.0'

問題3: 開啟防火牆5050端口

sudo systemctl start firewalld
sudo systemctl enable firewalld
sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=5050/tcp --permanent
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports

最後一行是用以檢查是否已打開，如果 5050/tcp 在列表中，則表示已成功打開。

接著把SELINUX的端口打開

sudo semanage port -a -t http_port_t -p tcp 5050

就可以成功連線啦!